3.1.28 \(\int \frac {x^3}{x-x^3} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=6 \[ \tanh ^{-1}(x)-x \]

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Rubi [A]  time = 0.01, antiderivative size = 6, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 3, number of rules used = 3, integrand size = 13, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.231, Rules used = {1584, 321, 206} \begin {gather*} \tanh ^{-1}(x)-x \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[x^3/(x - x^3),x]

[Out]

-x + ArcTanh[x]

Rule 206

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1*ArcTanh[(Rt[-b, 2]*x)/Rt[a, 2]])/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]), x]
/; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])

Rule 321

Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(c^(n - 1)*(c*x)^(m - n + 1)*(a + b*x^n
)^(p + 1))/(b*(m + n*p + 1)), x] - Dist[(a*c^n*(m - n + 1))/(b*(m + n*p + 1)), Int[(c*x)^(m - n)*(a + b*x^n)^p
, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, p}, x] && IGtQ[n, 0] && GtQ[m, n - 1] && NeQ[m + n*p + 1, 0] && IntBinomialQ[a, b,
c, n, m, p, x]

Rule 1584

Int[(u_.)*(x_)^(m_.)*((a_.)*(x_)^(p_.) + (b_.)*(x_)^(q_.))^(n_.), x_Symbol] :> Int[u*x^(m + n*p)*(a + b*x^(q -
p))^n, x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, m, p, q}, x] && IntegerQ[n] && PosQ[q - p]

Rubi steps

\begin {align*} \int \frac {x^3}{x-x^3} \, dx &=\int \frac {x^2}{1-x^2} \, dx\\ &=-x+\int \frac {1}{1-x^2} \, dx\\ &=-x+\tanh ^{-1}(x)\\ \end {align*}

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Mathematica [B]  time = 0.00, size = 22, normalized size = 3.67 \begin {gather*} -x-\frac {1}{2} \log (1-x)+\frac {1}{2} \log (x+1) \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[x^3/(x - x^3),x]

[Out]

-x - Log[1 - x]/2 + Log[1 + x]/2

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IntegrateAlgebraic [F]  time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^3}{x-x^3} \, dx \end {gather*}

Verification is not applicable to the result.

[In]

IntegrateAlgebraic[x^3/(x - x^3),x]

[Out]

IntegrateAlgebraic[x^3/(x - x^3), x]

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fricas [B]  time = 0.39, size = 16, normalized size = 2.67 \begin {gather*} -x + \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (x + 1\right ) - \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (x - 1\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^3/(-x^3+x),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

-x + 1/2*log(x + 1) - 1/2*log(x - 1)

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giac [B]  time = 0.17, size = 18, normalized size = 3.00 \begin {gather*} -x + \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left ({\left | x + 1 \right |}\right ) - \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left ({\left | x - 1 \right |}\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^3/(-x^3+x),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

-x + 1/2*log(abs(x + 1)) - 1/2*log(abs(x - 1))

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maple [B]  time = 0.05, size = 17, normalized size = 2.83 \begin {gather*} -x -\frac {\ln \left (x -1\right )}{2}+\frac {\ln \left (x +1\right )}{2} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(x^3/(-x^3+x),x)

[Out]

-x-1/2*ln(x-1)+1/2*ln(x+1)

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maxima [B]  time = 1.29, size = 16, normalized size = 2.67 \begin {gather*} -x + \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (x + 1\right ) - \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (x - 1\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^3/(-x^3+x),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

-x + 1/2*log(x + 1) - 1/2*log(x - 1)

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mupad [B]  time = 0.06, size = 6, normalized size = 1.00 \begin {gather*} \mathrm {atanh}\relax (x)-x \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(x^3/(x - x^3),x)

[Out]

atanh(x) - x

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sympy [B]  time = 0.11, size = 14, normalized size = 2.33 \begin {gather*} - x - \frac {\log {\left (x - 1 \right )}}{2} + \frac {\log {\left (x + 1 \right )}}{2} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x**3/(-x**3+x),x)

[Out]

-x - log(x - 1)/2 + log(x + 1)/2

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